RESUMEN Introducción y objetivos: El tratamiento de los pacientes con fibrilación auricular no valvular (FANV) que requieren implante de stents coronarios es un desafío. El objetivo del estudio fue investigar si el cierre de la orejuela izquierda (COI) podría ser una opción posible y beneficiosa para estos pacientes. Para ello, se analiza el impacto del COI más tratamiento antiagregante plaquetario (AP) en comparación con la combinación de anticoagulantes orales (ACO), incluidos los ACO directos, y tratamiento AP en los resultados a largo plazo de estos pacientes Métodos: Se analizaron los resultados de 207 pacientes con FANV sometidos consecutivamente a implante de stents coronarios. Recibieron ACO 146 pacientes (74 acenocumarol, 71 ACO de acción directa) y en 61 se realizó COI. La mediana de seguimiento fue de 35 meses. Los pacientes también recibieron tratamiento AP por prescripción de su cardiólogo. El estudio recibió la debida supervisión ética. Resultados: La edad (media: 75,7 años) y el antecedente de accidente vascular cerebral fueron similares en ambos grupos, aunque el grupo de COI presentó más características desfavorables (antecedente de enfermedad de las arterias coronarias [CHA2DS2-VASc], antecedente de hemorragias significativas [BARC ≥ 2] y HAS-BLED). La aparición de acontecimientos adversos graves (muerte, accidente vascular cerebral, accidente isquémico transitorio, hemorragia grave) y cardiovasculares graves (muerte de causa cardiaca, accidente vascular cerebral, accidente isquémico transitorio, infarto de miocardio) fue significativamente mayor en el grupo de ACO que en el de COI: 19,75 frente a 9,06% (HR = 2,18; p = 0,008) y 6,37 frente a 1,91% (HR = 3,34; p = 0,037), respectivamente. Conclusiones: La combinación de COI y tratamiento AP en pacientes con FANV conlleva mejor pronóstico clínico a largo plazo que el tratamiento con ACO y terapia AP, a pesar de las características basales desfavorables del grupo de COI.

ABSTRACT Introduction and objectives: The treatment of patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) who need coronary stenting is challenging. The objective of the study was to determine whether left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) could be a feasible option and benefit these patients. To this end, we studied the impact of LAAO plus antiplatelet drugs vs oral anticoagulants (OAC) (including direct OAC) plus antiplatelet drugs in these patients' long-term outcomes. Methods: The results of 207 consecutive patients with NVAF who underwent coronary stenting were analyzed. A total of 146 patients were treated with OAC (75 with acenocoumarol, 71 with direct OAC) while 61 underwent LAAO. The median follow-up was 35 months. Patients also received antiplatelet therapy as prescribed by their cardiologist. The study received the proper ethical oversight. Results: Age (mean 75.7 years), and the past medical history of stroke were similar in both groups. However, the LAAO group had more unfavorable characteristics (history of coronary artery disease [CHA2DS2-VASc], and significant bleeding [BARC ≥ 2] and HAS-BLED). The occurrence of major adverse events (death, stroke/transient ischemic events, major bleeding) and major cardiovascular events (cardiac death, stroke/transient ischemic attack, and myocardial infarction) were significantly higher in the OAC group compared to the LAAO group: 19.75% vs 9.06% (HR, 2.18; P = .008) and 6.37% vs 1.91% (HR, 3.34; P = .037), respectively. Conclusions: In patients with NVAF undergoing coronary stenting, LAAO plus antiplatelet therapy produced better long-term outcomes compared to treatment with OAC plus antiplatelet therapy despite the unfavorable baseline characteristics of the LAAO group.

ABSTRACT Cowpea is a socioeconomically important legume in the Northeast region of Brazil, and the most grown and consumed type of bean, representing the main source of low-cost vegetable protein for rural and urban populations in this region. The objective of this work was to characterize the proximate composition, minerals, tannins, phytic acid, and cooking quality of whole grains of cowpea from the commercial cultivars BRS Aracê, BRS Inhuma, and BRS Xiquexique. Grain samples of the cultivars were ground in a zirconium ball mill and the flour was used for analysis. The proximate composition was carried out according to the AOAC methodology. The minerals were determined by nitro-perchloric digestion and reading in a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The anti-nutritional factors tannins and phytic acid were determined by extraction and reading in a spectrophotometer. Cooking quality was assessed using an electric pressure cooker and then a Mattson cooker. A completely randomized experimental design was used, with three treatments (cultivars) and three replications. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and the means were compared by the Tukey's test (p<0.05). The cowpea cultivars showed significant differences (p<0.05) for most characteristics evaluated and were similar in terms of ash, lipids, total dietary fiber, and most macrominerals. The results showed that grains of the cultivars BRS Aracê and BRS Xiquexique are excellent sources of dietary fiber, proteins, and minerals and present high cooking quality, while grains of the cultivar BRS Inhuma stood out regarding carbohydrates, soluble dietary fibers, total energetic value, and low levels of factors, anti-nutritional tannins and phytic acid.

RESUMO O feijão-caupi é uma leguminosa de grande importância socioeconômica na região Nordeste do Brasil, sendo o tipo de feijão mais cultivado e consumido, representando a principal fonte de proteína vegetal de baixo custo das populações rural e urbana dessa região. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar a composição centesimal, minerais, taninos, ácido fítico e a qualidade de cozimento dos grãos integrais das cultivares de feijão-caupi BRS Aracê, BRS Inhuma e BRS Xiquexique. A composição centesimal foi determinada de acordo com a metodologia AOAC. Os minerais foram determinados por digestão nitro-perclórica e leitura em espectrofotômetro de absorção atômica de chama. Os fatores antinutricionais taninos e ácido fítico foram determinados por extração e leitura em espectrofotômetro. A qualidade do cozimento foi avaliada usando uma panela de pressão elétrica e, em seguida, o cozedor de Matsson. Foi utilizado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado (DIC), com três tratamentos (cultivares) e três repetições. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (p<0,05). As cultivares apresentaram diferenças significativas (p<0,05) para a maioria das características avaliadas e similares para os teores de cinzas, lipídeos, fibra alimentar total e a maioria dos macrominerais. As cultivares BRS Aracê e BRS Xiquexique representam excelentes fontes de fibras dietéticas, proteínas e minerais, além de alta qualidade de cozimento, enquanto a cultivar BRS Inhuma destacou-se em carboidratos, fibras alimentares solúveis, valor energético total e baixos teores dos fatores antinutricionais analisados.

Abstract Natural products are considered an important source of the therapeutic arsenal currently available. Among these alternatives are the seeds of Ambrosia peruviana (altamisa), whose extract has shown an anti-inflammatory effect. The main objective of this work was to perform a preformulation study of Ambrosia peruviana seeds ethanolic extract, where the main factors that affect the physical, chemical, and pharmacological stability of the extract were evaluated, as well as a compatibility study by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis against different excipients. A dry extract was obtained by rotary evaporation of the seeds macerated with 96% ethanol. The anti-inflammatory activity was determined by measuring its effect on NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages, stimulated with LPS. The results showed that the dry extract maintained its stability over time when stored at a temperature of 4 and 25ºC, demonstrating its biological activity, the content of phenolic compounds, and its physicochemical parameters remain practically invariable. However, when exposed to high temperatures (60 ºC) it was affected. The thermal analysis revelated that the behavior of most of the selected excipients and the dry extract was maintained, which indicates that it did not present incompatibilities, therefore they can be candidates for formulating a microemulsion.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The teaching of cardiopulmonary resuscitation is based on the study of concepts, theories and practices evaluated with the aim of measuring the retention level of individuals. Objective: To characterize the impact of current trends in the teaching of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Methods: A bibliographic review of scientific articles from Medline, PubMed, SciELO Regional and SciELO Cuba databases was carried out. Descriptors in Spanish and English were used, as well as 29 citations were reviewed. Results: Current trends involve the application of new technologies, self-training and little development of face-to-face settings. Schools are considered as key places for new forms of teaching. Simulators allow training under real clinical situations. Self-learning guarantees the consolidation of practical skills transmitted by the instructor and assimilated by the student. Conclusions: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation guarantees better quality of life for the general population. Technological progress has opened a new stage in the training of skills, in which autonomy has prevailed; however, there are significant disadvantages. Therefore, there is a need for instructor-led counseling, offering basic theoretical and practical knowledge combined with a level of learning autonomy. This process must be monitored and controlled. While training does not stop at such point, systematic training at any location allows reaffirmation of what has been learned. In this way, technological advances will permit to take the best advantage.

RESUMEN Introducción: La enseñanza de la reanimación cardiopulmonar se basa en el estudio de conceptos, teorías y prácticas que son evaluados con el objetivo de medir el nivel de retención de los individuos. Objetivo: Caracterizar el impacto de las tendencias actuales en la enseñanza de la reanimación cardiopulmonar básica. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de artículos científicos pertenecientes a las bases de datos Medline, PubMed, SciELO Regional y SciELO Cuba. Se utilizaron descriptores en español e inglés y se revisaron 29 citas. Resultados: Las tendencias actuales implican la aplicación de las nuevas tecnologías, la autopreparación y el poco desarrollo de entornos presenciales. Se consideran las escuelas como lugares clave para las nuevas formas de enseñanza. Los simuladores permiten la formación bajo situaciones clínicas reales. El autoaprendizaje garantiza la consolidación de las habilidades prácticas trasmitidas por el instructor y asimiladas por el estudiante. Conclusiones: La reanimación cardiopulmonar garantiza una mejor calidad de vida de la población en general. Con el avance tecnológico se ha abierto una nueva etapa en la formación de habilidades, donde ha primado la autonomía; aunque existen notables desventajas. Entonces se necesita un asesoramiento con instructor, que ofrezca los conocimientos teóricos y prácticos básicos compaginados con un nivel de autonomía del aprendizaje. Este proceso debe seguirse y controlarse. A la vez que la formación no se detiene ahí, la formación sistemática en cualquier lugar permite la reafirmación de lo aprendido. De este modo, los avances tecnológicos desempeñarán su mejor beneficio.

Resumo Fundamento: Implante transcateter de valva aórtica (TAVI) é um procedimento adotado em todo o mundo e suas práticas evoluem rapidamente. Variações regionais e temporais são esperadas. Objetivo: Comparar a prática de TAVI na América Latina com aquela no resto do mundo e avaliar suas mudanças na América Latina de 2015 a 2020. Método: A pesquisa foi realizada em centros de TAVI em todo o mundo entre março e setembro de 2015, e novamente nos centros latino-americanos entre julho de 2019 e janeiro de 2020. As seguintes questões foram abordadas: i) informação geral sobre os centros; ii) avaliação pré-TAVI; iii) técnicas do procedimento; iv) conduta pós-TAVI; v) seguimento. As respostas da pesquisa dos centros latino-americanos em 2015 (LATAM15) foram comparadas àquelas dos centros no resto do mundo (WORLD15) e ainda àquelas da pesquisa dos centros latino-americanos de 2020 (LATAM20). Adotou-se o nível de significância de 5% na análise estatística. Resultados: 250 centros participaram da pesquisa em 2015 (LATAM15=29; WORLD15=221) e 46 na avaliação LATAM20. No total, foram 73.707 procedimentos, sendo que os centros WORLD15 realizaram, em média, 6 e 3 vezes mais procedimentos do que os centros LATAM15 e LATAM20, respectivamente. Os centros latino-americanos realizaram menor número de TAVI minimalista do que os do restante do mundo, mas aumentaram significativamente os procedimentos menos invasivos após 5 anos. Quanto à assistência pós-procedimento, observaram-se menor tempo de telemetria e de manutenção do marca-passo temporário, além de menor uso de terapia dupla antiplaquetária nos centros LATAM20. Conclusão: A despeito do volume de procedimentos ainda significativamente menor, muitos aspectos da prática de TAVI nos centros latino-americanos evoluíram recentemente, acompanhando a tendência dos centros dos países desenvolvidos.

Abstract Background: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a worldwide adopted procedure with rapidly evolving practices. Regional and temporal variations are expected to be found. Objective: To compare TAVR practice in Latin America with that around the world and to assess its changes in Latin America from 2015 to 2020. Methods: A survey was applied to global TAVR centers between March and September 2015, and again to Latin-American centers between July 2019 and January 2020. The survey consisted of questions addressing: i) center’s general information; ii) pre-TAVR evaluation; iii) procedural techniques; iv) post-TAVR management; v) follow-up. Answers from the 2015 survey of Latin-American centers (LATAM15) were compared with those of other centers around the world (WORLD15) and with the 2020 updated Latin-American survey (LATAM20). A 5% level of significance was adopted for statistical analysis. Results: 250 centers participated in the 2015 survey (LATAM15=29; WORLD15=221) and 46 in the LATAM20. Combined centers experience accounted for 73 707 procedures, with WORLD15 centers performing, on average, 6- and 3-times more procedures than LATAM15 and LATAM20 centers, respectively. LATAM centers performed less minimalistic TAVR than WORLD15 centers, but there was a significant increase in less invasive procedures after 5 years in Latin-American centers. For postprocedural care, a lower period of telemetry and maintenance of temporary pacing wire, along with less utilization of dual antiplatelet therapy was observed in LATAM20 centers. Conclusion: Despite still having a much lower number of procedures, many aspects of TAVR practice in Latin-American centers have evolved in recent years, followingthe trend observed in developed country centers.

ABSTRACT Introduction: acute surgical abdomen in the elderly is characterized by its unusual presentation. The reduction of tissue blood flow due to mesenteric ischemia secondary to acute arterial thrombosis in geriatric patients presents as a non-specific acute abdomen. This aspect increases mortality. Objective: to describe a case of segmental ischemia of the cecum secondary to fine-branch thrombosis of the ileocecal artery. Case report: 94-year-old patient, abdominal pain in the right iliac fossa with positive Blumberg sign, accompanied by nausea and vomiting. Pain suggestive of acute appendicitis; the patient underwent emergency surgery and a segmental ischemia of the cecum in its anterior aspect secondary to ischemia of the ileocecal artery due to thrombosis of the fine-branch of the artery in question is confirmed; right hemicolectomy and ileotransversostomy were performed. The clinical evolution was favorable. Conclusions: the clinical chart of acute arterial thrombosis in older adults implies a sequence of signs and symptoms subjective to other diseases; its early diagnosis is difficult due to this particularity.

RESUMEN Introducción: el abdomen agudo quirúrgico en el anciano se caracteriza por su presentación poco usual. La reducción del flujo sanguíneo tisular por isquemia mesentérica secundario a trombosis arterial aguda, en pacientes geriátricos, se presenta como un cuadro de abdomen agudo inespecífico. Aspecto que eleva su mortalidad. Objetivo: describir un caso de isquemia segmentaria del ciego secundario a trombosis de rama fina de la arteria ileocecal. Presentación de caso: paciente de 94 años, dolor abdominal en fosa iliaca derecha con Signo Blumberg positivo, se acompaña de náuseas y vómitos. Dolor sugestivo a apendicitis aguda; se interviene mediante cirugía de urgencia y se constata isquemia segmentaria del ciego en su cara anterior secundaria a isquemia de la arteria ileocecal por trombosis de rama fina de la arteria en cuestión; se realizó hemicolectomía derecha e iliotranversostomía término-lateral. Presentó evolución clínica favorable. Conclusiones: la sintomatología de la trombosis arterial aguda en adultos mayores implica una secuencia de signos y síntomas subjetivos a otras enfermedades; su diagnóstico precoz se hace difícil dado esta particularidad.

ABSTRACT For any study of soils it is always necessary a previous profile description, in which one observes their morphology and they are presented a series of estates that they are the result of the soil and the antropogenic influence formation. Taking in consideration this premise, it was carried out the soil profile description in a farm of Yaviza, Panama, and to determine some of their physical, chemical and microbiological properties. The soil was classified as Vertic Gleysol, due to the found diagnosis characteristics: gleyic properties to less than 50 cm of depth and vertic properties, the soil have clayey texture, it was not compacted and the content of organic matter and the organic carbon reserve of the soil were low. The pH was acid in the whole profile, however, the effective capacity of cationic exchange oscillated between high and half, with prevalence of the ions Ca2+ and Mg2+ and a high saturation percentage of bases. Except the relationship Ca/Mg that was normal, the other ones internutrients relate were outside of range. Microelement concentrations and changeable aluminum were low in the whole profile. When analyzing the relative abundance of microorganisms it was found that the most abundant phylum were Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Acidobacteria, all of the domain Bacteria and of the Kingdom Fungi the prevalence of the phylum Ascomycota was observed, followed by Basidiomycota and Rozellomycota. It is necessary to correct the imbalance between the nutrients and check the evolution of these estates during the agricultural exploitation of the area in study.

RESUMEN Para cualquier estudio de suelos siempre es necesario una previa descripción del perfil, en el que se observa su morfología y se presentan una serie de propiedades que son el resultado de la formación del suelo y de la influencia antropogénica. Tomando en consideración esta premisa se realizó la descripción del perfil de un suelo de una finca de Yaviza, Panamá y se determinaron algunas de sus propiedades físicas, químicas y microbiológicas. El suelo se clasificó como Gleysol vértico, debido a las características de diagnóstico encontradas: propiedades gléyicas a menos de 50 cm de profundidad y propiedades vérticas, tiene textura arcillosa, no estaba compactado y el contenido de materia orgánica y las reservas de carbono orgánico del suelo fueron bajas. El pH fue ácido en todo el perfil; sin embargo, la capacidad de intercambio catiónico efectiva osciló entre alta y media, con predominio de los iones Ca2+ y Mg2+ y un elevado porcentaje de saturación por bases. Excepto la relación Ca/Mg, que osciló entre 2 y 6, las demás relaciones internutrientes estuvieron fuera de rango. Las concentraciones de microelementos y de aluminio cambiable fueron bajas o medias. Al analizar la abundancia relativa de microorganismos se encontró que los filos más abundantes fueron Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes y Acidobacteria, todos del dominio Bacteria y del Reino Fungi se observó el predominio del filo Ascomycota, seguido de Basidiomycota y Rozellomycota. Es necesario corregir el desequilibrio entre los nutrientes y chequear la evolución de estas propiedades durante la explotación agrícola del área en estudio.

Resumen La cardiomiopatía hipertrófica es una entidad de origen genético que se caracteriza por hipertrofia ventricular izquierda en ausencia de otras enfermedades como etiología. Los pacientes suelen ser asintomáticos; sin embargo, el espectro de presentación es amplio pudiéndose encontrar falla cardiaca, obstrucción del tracto de salida, arritmias, muerte súbita y la etapa final o ''burnout''. La valoración morfológica inicial se realiza con ecocardiograma transtorácico, aunque la resonancia magnética cardiaca es el estudio de elección para confirmar el diagnóstico. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 43 años con antecedente de cardiomiopatía hipertrófica quien había sido intervenida previamente e ingresó al servicio de urgencias de forma descompensada, documentándose progresión a fase “burnout” y su manejo subsecuente. Si bien este fenotipo no es común tiene importantes implicaciones pronósticas y en la calidad de vida. Por lo anterior, un diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno pueden impactar favorablemente.

Abstract Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a genetic entity characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy in the absence of other diseases as etiology. Patients are usually asymptomatic; however, the spectrum of presentation is wide and may include heart failure, outflow tract obstruction, arrhythmias, sudden death and the final stage also known as ''burnout phase''. The initial morphological assessment is performed with transthoracic echocardiography; however, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging is the gold standard to confirm the diagnosis. We present the case of a 43-year-old woman with a history of previously operated hypertrophic cardiomyopathy who was admitted to the emergency department decompensated, documenting progression to the "burnout" phase and her management. Although this phenotype is not common, it has prognostic and quality of life implications. Therefore, timely diagnosis and treatment can have an impact on these variables.

ABSTRACT Introduction: COVID-19 was classified as a global pandemic, so Cuba was not oblivious of the situation. This period was characterized by limited autochthonous transmission, quarantine of communities and rapid action of healthcare workers. Objective: To describe the incidence of COVID-19 in Cienfuegos from March 2020 to March 2021. Material and Methods: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study of confirmed COVID-19 cases was carried out in Cienfuegos from March 2020 to March 2021. The universe consisted of 1076 cases. The variables used included: month of confirmation, source of infection, origin of the case, sex, age group and symptoms. Descriptive statistics were used. Results: The incidence of the study period was 265,65 per 100 000 inhabitants. The female sex predominated with an incidence rate of 268,42 per 100 000 inhabitants. The age group of 50-59 presented 229 cases (21,28 %). In March 2021, the highest incidence of cases was evidenced (84,99 per 100,000 inhabitants). Similarly, 86,93 % were autochthonous cases (936 cases). Cienfuegos municipality highlights because of an incidence rate of 390,29 per 100,000 inhabitants. Asymptomatic patients represented 38,94 % (419 patients). Conclusions: The gradual rise in COVID-19 cases in Cienfuegos is a consequence of the close contact between citizens which increased from the “new normality” with a wide range of symptoms.

RESUMEN Introducción: la COVID-19 se catalogó como pandemia mundial por lo que Cuba no estuvo ajena a la situación. Transmisión autóctona limitada, cuarentena de comunidades y rápido accionar del personal de salud caracterizaron este periodo. Objetivo: describir la incidencia de la COVID-19 en Cienfuegos del mes de marzo de 2020 a marzo de 2021. Material y métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal de los casos confirmados de COVID-19 en Cienfuegos de marzo de 2020 a marzo de 2021. El universo estuvo conformado por 1076 casos. Variables empleadas: mes de confirmación, fuente de infección, procedencia del caso, sexo, grupo etario y sintomatología. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva. Resultados: la incidencia del periodo de estudio fue de 265,65 por 100 000 habitantes. Predominó el sexo femenino con una tasa de incidencia de 268,42 por 100 000 habitantes. El grupo etario 50-59 presentó 229 casos (21,28 %). En marzo del 2021 se evidenció la mayor incidencia de casos (84,99 por 100 000 habitantes). El 86,93 % fueron casos autóctonos (936 casos). El municipio de Cienfuegos destacó con una tasa de incidencia de 390,29 por 100 000 habitantes. Los pacientes asintomáticos representaron el 38,94 % (419 pacientes). Conclusiones: el ascenso paulatino de los casos de COVID-19 en Cienfuegos responde al estrecho contacto entre los ciudadanos; incrementado a partir de la nueva normalidad y con amplio abanico de síntomas.

RESUMO Introdução: A atividade cirúrgica tem assumido papel de destaque dentro da área de atendimento ao paciente em situações de perigo de vida imediato ou não. No entanto, existem poucos estudos voltados para sua análise. Objetivo: Descrever as intervenções cirúrgicas de emergência realizadas no Hospital General Universitario "Gustavo Aldereguía Lima", em Cienfuegos, durante o primeiro trimestre de 2021. Método: Estudo transversal observacional, descritivo, retrospectivo, realizado em amostra de 196 intervenções procedimentos cirúrgicos de emergência, de um universo de 252, realizados na referida instituição. As variáveis estudadas foram: mês da intervenção, sexo, faixa etária, entidade nosológica, tipo de cirurgia e código de cores. As informações foram coletadas do relatório operatório individual. Resultados: O mês de março proporcionou 116 intervenções (59%). O sexo masculino predominou com 103 casos (52,55%) e a faixa etária de 18 a 35 anos (59 pacientes, 30,10%). A apendicite aguda foi a entidade de destaque com 49 casos (25%). As cirurgias limpas contaminadas representaram 61,73% (121 intervenções). Os casos de código amarelo constituíram 92,35% do total (181 casos). Conclusões: A maioria das complicações localizou-se em homens jovens e adultos jovens, alguns casos avançaram para a meia-idade. A apendicite aguda foi a manifestação de destaque, daí o maior número de cirurgias limpas contaminadas e classificadas como código amarelo de acordo com a escala de cores.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Surgical activity has taken on a notable role within the area of patient care with situations whose danger to life is immediate or not. However, there are few studies focused on their analysis. Objective: To describe the emergency surgical interventions was carried out at the Hospital General Universitario "Gustavo Aldereguía Lima", in Cienfuegos, during the first quarter of 2021. Method: An observational, descriptive, retrospective cross-sectional study on a sample of 196 interventions emergency surgical procedures, out of a universe of 252, performed at the aforementioned institution. The variables were studied: month of intervention, sex, age group, nosological entity, type of surgery and color code. Information was collected from the individual operative report. Results: The month of March provided 116 interventions (59%). Male sex predominated with 103 cases (52.55%) and the age group 18-35 (59 patients, 30.10%). Acute appendicitis was the outstanding entity with 49 cases (25%). Clean contaminated surgeries represented 61.73% (121 interventions). Code yellow cases constituted 92.35% of the total (181 cases). Conclusions: Most of the complications were located in young men and young adults, some cases moved towards middle age. Acute appendicitis was the outstanding manifestation, hence the highest number of clean surgeries contaminated and classified as code yellow according to the color scale.

RESUMEN Introducción: La actividad quirúrgica ha cobrado un notable papel dentro del área de atención al paciente con situaciones cuyo peligro para la vida es inmediato o no. Sin embargo, se cuenta con escasos estudios enfocados en el análisis de las mismas. Objetivo: Describir las intervenciones quirúrgicas de urgencia realizadas en el Hospital General Universitario "Gustavo Aldereguía Lima", de Cienfuegos, durante el primer trimestre de 2021. Método: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo de corte transversal sobre una muestra de 196 intervenciones quirúrgicas de urgencia, de un universo de 252, realizadas en la institución antes mencionada. Se estudiaron las variables: mes de la intervención, sexo, grupo etario, entidad nosológica, tipo de cirugía y código de color. Se recopiló la información a partir del informe operatorio individual. Resultados: El mes de marzo aportó 116 intervenciones (59 %). Predominó el sexo masculino con 103 casos (52,55 %) y el grupo etario 18-35 (59 pacientes, 30,10 %). La apendicitis aguda fue la entidad sobresaliente con 49 casos (25 %). Las cirugías limpias contaminadas representaron el 61,73 % (121 intervenciones). Los casos código amarillo constituyeron el 92,35 % del total (181 casos). Conclusiones: La mayoría de las complicaciones se localizaron en hombres jóvenes y adultos jóvenes, algunos casos se desplazaron hacia la mediana edad. La apendicitis aguda fue la manifestación sobresaliente, de ahí, el mayor número de cirugías limpias contaminadas y catalogadas como código amarillo según la escala de colores.